台中盆栽村 何國銘+何永裕+MH

   
 James Ivory 詹姆士·艾佛利

作品表

《以你的名字呼喚我》| 2017 | 義大利/法國/巴西/美國 | 盧卡·格達戈尼諾 | LGBT (編劇)

2007 終點之城The City of Your Final Destination

2005 異國情緣 The White Countess 

2003 愛情合作社 Le Divorce

2000 金色情挑 The Golden Bowl

1998 女兒站起來 A Soldier's Daughter Never Cries

1996 狂愛走一回 Surviving Picasso

1995 總統的秘密情人Jefferson in Paris

1993 長日將盡 Remains of the Day

《此情可問天》| 1992 | 英國/日本 | 詹姆士·艾佛利XE·M·福斯特 

1990 未路英雄半世情 Mr. & Mrs. Bridge

1989 Slaves of New York

1987 莫里斯的情人 Maurice

《窗外有藍天》| 1985 | 英國 | 詹姆士·艾佛利XE·M·福斯特 

1984 波士頓人 The Bostonians

1983 熱與塵 Heat and Dust

1981 四重奏 Quartet

1980 簡奧斯汀在曼哈頓 Jane Austen in M​​anhattan

1979 歐洲人 The Europeans

1979 3 by Cheever: The 5:48

1978 收藏家Hullabaloo Over Georgie and Bonnie's Pictures

1977 玫瑰大地 Roseland

1975 野宴 The Wild Party

1975 公主自傳 Autobiography of a Princess

1972 蠻風箭雨 Savages

1970 孟買之音 Bombay Talkie

1969 印度一段情 The Guru

1965 莎劇演員 Shakespeare-Wallah

1964 德里之路 The Delhi Way

1963 房主 The Householder

1959 劍與長笛 The Sword and the Flute

出生日期: 1928-06-07
出生地: 美國,加利福尼亞州,伯克利分校
職業: 導演 / 編劇 / 製片 / 演員
更多外文名: James Francis Ivory (本名)
家庭成員: Ismail Merchant（伴侶）

生於加州柏克萊，奧勒岡大學藝術系畢業，後進修於南加州大學電影碩士。許多年來，他常在印度拍片，從1969年邁克爾．約克與麗泰杜辛涵主演的《師傅》不難看出他對印度風土民情的關注與洞悉。 1977年他導演了《玫瑰園》，參加演出的有唐德納．塔爾、裘拉汀．卓別林等。此後在英國拍片，一批改編自英國作家亨利．詹姆斯、珍．奧斯汀等的經典文學作品的影片讓他享譽國際影壇。 1987年的《莫里斯》為他捧回威尼斯影展銀獅獎；曾以1986年的窗外有藍天》、1992年的《此情可問天》以及1993年的《去日留痕》三次獲得奧斯卡最佳導演提名。

James Ivory, Ismail Merchant,1983

詹姆斯·伊沃里，1928年出生於美國加州，畢業於奧勒岡大學藝術系，後在南加州大學進修電影碩士。許多年來，他常在印度拍片，從1969年麥克爾·約克與麗塔·塔欣厄姆主演的《印度一段情》不難看出他對印度風土民情的關注與洞悉。 1977年他導演了《玫瑰大地》後開始在英國拍片，一批改編自英國作家亨利·詹姆斯、珍·奧斯汀等的經典文學作品的影片讓他享譽國際影壇。因其參展的作品大都代表英國，也因此業界一般都稱他為“英國導演”。 1987年詹姆斯·伊沃里憑藉《墨利斯的情人》捧回威尼斯影展銀獅獎；並曾以1986年的《窗外有藍天》、1992年的《此情可問天》以及1993年的《長日將盡》三次獲得奧斯卡最佳導演提名

獎項

2000
第53屆坎城電影節主競賽單元金棕櫚獎(提名) 金色情挑
1995
第48屆坎城電影節主競賽單元金棕櫚獎(提名) 總統的秘密情人
1994
第66屆奧斯卡金像獎最佳導演(提名) 長日將盡
1993
第65屆奧斯卡金像獎最佳導演(提名) 此情可問天
1992
第45屆坎城電影節主競賽單元金棕櫚獎(提名) 此情可問天
第45屆坎城電影節45週年紀念獎 此情可問天
1987
第59屆奧斯卡金像獎最佳導演(提名) 窗外有藍天
1983
第36屆坎城電影節主競賽單元金棕櫚獎(提名) 熱與塵
1981
第34屆坎城電影節主競賽單元金棕櫚獎(提名) 四重奏
1979
第32屆坎城電影節主競賽單元金棕櫚獎(提名) 歐洲人

導演作品介紹

2007 終點之城The City of Your Final Destination

電影改編自彼得．卡麥隆的小說，電影劇本由獲得兩座奧斯卡最佳改編劇本的賈華拉操刀，這也是賈華拉與詹姆士第二十四次的合作。演出陣容堅強，眾星雲集包括奧斯卡影帝安東尼．霍普金斯及三次奧斯卡提名的蘿拉．琳妮、坎城影后夏洛特．甘絲柏格、歐瑪．麥瓦利以及真田廣之。

幕後工作人員也不容小覷，六次西班牙哥雅獎最佳攝影得主賈維亞．亞奎薩諾（攝影作品包括《悄悄告訴她》、《情遇巴塞隆納》），擔任作曲的則是烏拉圭籍的音樂家荷西．德克勒，他為電影《革命前夕的摩托車日記》創作的歌曲獲得奧斯卡最佳電影歌曲。導演詹姆士表示這部作品是他逾半世紀的電影生涯，畢其一生心力的作品。片中剪輯詹姆士難能可貴的第一部作品，關於威尼斯的紀錄短片，輝映出詹姆士．艾佛利的過去到現在。

2005 異國情緣 The White Countess 

作為首部參與國際分賬的中英合拍片，《伯爵夫人》講述了大時代背景下的極具異國情調的愛情故事。美國導演詹姆斯·伊沃里擅長拍攝屬於“過去”的故事，他執導的《窗外有藍天》、《此情可問天》等影片曾獲得巨大的成功。與他以往的電影相​​比，《伯爵夫人》帶有更明顯的“異國情調”，一個美國導演跑來中國拍電影，而拍的又是兩個外國人在中國的愛情故事，這個視角對於觀眾來說是全新的。

2003 愛情合作社 Le Divorce

影片劇本由獲得美國國家書卷獎提名的同名暢銷小說改編，小說作者黛安·約翰遜是一位旅居法國的美國作家，她以身居巴黎的美國僑民為主角，寫出一系列動人心弦的作品。黛安·約翰遜曾經擔任斯坦利·庫布里克的《閃靈》的編劇，實力不容置疑。早在5年前，導演詹姆斯·伊沃里在《國際先驅論壇報》上看到關於小​​說《戀戀巴黎》的評論後，就覺得這會是一個非常有趣的電影題材，於是和編劇、他的好朋友羅斯·帕勞爾·耶沃拉著手將這部小說改編成劇本。福克斯製片公司為本片籌集了1250萬美元的資金。影片最後在紐約和洛杉磯取景，順利完成了全部拍攝。

2000 金色情挑 The Golden Bowl

本片改編自《慾望之翼》作家亨利詹姆斯另一著作，並曾入圍坎城影展金棕櫚獎。 

19世紀的英格蘭上流社會，兩對夫妻捲入一場幾近亂倫的複雜關係。 

艾墨雷哥是位貧窮的義大利貴族，迎娶了美國富豪亞當將軍的千金─瑪姬，而夏綠蒂不僅是瑪姬的摯友，更是艾墨雷哥的昔日戀人，當亞當將軍續絃娶了夏綠蒂為妻，同住一個屋簷下的複雜關係，將所有情感緊緊纏繞在一起…。 

某日，瑪姬買下一只古董金缽作為父親生日的賀禮，卻愕然從中察覺繼母與丈夫過去的戀情，一時間猜忌、謊言…排山倒海而來，原本天真無邪的她，面對這樣的衝擊時，卻不忍讓總是將她擺在第一位的父親知道。 

但亞當也不是省油的燈，早就心生懷疑的他，默不作聲也是保護瑪姬不受傷害的做法。原來夏綠蒂和艾墨雷哥的關係，也不全然出於對婚姻的背叛，亞當和瑪姬兩父女間的相愛與默契，其實也讓他們感到空虛寂寞，四人之間其實彼此有情有愛，一時之間，謊言似乎神聖了起來…。

1998 女兒站起來 A Soldier's Daughter Never Cries

劇情描述六十年代末的巴黎，少女時代的凱莉跟隨原藉美國的父母移居異鄉，生活充滿新意。此時，父母親又收養了一名法裔的弟弟，更為這名美國少女在成長過程中增添了歐美文化差異所產生的多種矛盾和樂趣。

1996 狂愛走一回 Surviving Picasso

她是法蘭西絲，一個美麗年輕的藝術系女學生；他是畢卡索，一個知名的頂尖藝術家。畢卡索在62歲時，與年輕的法蘭西絲相遇，兩人排除眾議，展開一段長達10年、刻骨銘心的忘年之愛。

此片彷彿是一塊五彩繽紛的畫布，描繪出他們兩人之間真實的愛情故事，娓娓道出一個野心勃勃的年輕女人，如何掙扎在一個比她年長40歲的自大天才畫家的愛恨情仇之間。安東尼霍普金斯（《第六感生死緣》）栩栩詮釋出這位印象派繪畫大師令人讚嘆的精力、創作才華、與錯綜複雜的情愛關係。

1995 總統的秘密情人 Jefferson in Paris

影片描寫了美國歷史上第三任總統托馬斯· 杰弗遜的一段生活故事。劇情相比史實不能夠令人信服。從歷史和推理上看，這個大雜燴也許具有迷惑力，因此，它無據可查，是一個編造出來的畸形兒。影事不穩定、無規則。影片的意圖是揭發杰弗遜是一個愚蠢的偽君子，但影片仍然把杰弗遜描寫為具有智慧、堅持原則的中流砥柱。電影先對杰弗遜是否是理想的化身提出問題，然後圍繞著他空洞無物但不流血的愛情浪漫史一一解答。

1993 長日將盡 Remains of the Day

·影片原來的劇本是編劇Harold Pinter 為邁克·尼科爾斯(Mike Nichols)所寫的。在哥倫比亞把此片交給英國唯美派電影公司Merchant-Ivory拍攝之後，尼科爾斯的一些片斷仍然保留。其中一個在影片的結尾處，但沒有被剪進最後的版本。在2001年發行的DVD版中可以找到這個片斷。
·安東尼·霍普金斯在1994年的電視節目《Inside The Actors Studio》(演員的幕後生活)中說，他從一個真正的白金漢宮的管家身上學到了不少東西。 “當好管家要減少自己的存在感，當你在屋子裡的時候要比你不在時還空。”
·安吉里卡·休斯頓也曾經被考慮扮演管家。
·1990年拍《末路英雄半世情》(Mr.&Mrs.Bridge)的時候，演員Remak Ramsay正在看本片的原著小說，他把小說給導演詹姆斯·艾佛利(​​James Ivory，即本片導演)看，因為他覺得這對激發艾佛利的創作有幫助。
精彩對白
Stevens: Do you know what I am doing, Miss Kenton? I am placing my mind elsewhere while you chatter away.
史蒂文斯：你知道我在做什麼麼，基頓小姐？當你喋喋不休的時候我正在別處神遊。
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Lewis: You are, all of you, amateurs. And international affairs should never be run by gentlemen amateurs. Do you have any idea of​​ what sort of place the world is becoming all around you? The days when you could just act out of your noble instincts, are over. Europe has become the arena of realpolitik, the politics of reality. If you like: real politics. What you need is not gentlemen politicians, but real ones. You need professionals to run your affairs, or you're headed for disaster!
劉易斯：你們全都是業餘的。國際事務不應該由業餘人士管理。你們知道周遭的世界正發生著怎樣的變化麼？你們隨心所欲的時代已經過去了。歐洲正被權力政治所籠罩，這是現實的政治。如果你喜歡這種說法的話，它是真正的政治。你們所需的不是那些紳士政治家，而是真正的政治家。你們需要專業人士來管理事務，否則你們面臨的將是災難！
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James Stevens: I don't believe a man can consider himself fully content until he has done all he can to be of service to his employer.
史蒂文斯：一個人直到已經盡其所能為雇主服務，才能完全對自己滿意。
幕後製作
改編自日裔英籍作家石黑一雄的得獎英文小說，《此情可問天》原班人馬再展鐵三角威力，拍攝味道清淡的古典文藝片，一切盡在細微處，需要觀眾慢慢品味。男女主角以令人心碎的表演將感情的壓抑詮釋得絲絲入扣，而二戰時代演變也巧妙地隨著劇情而發展，拓大了全片的格局。

《此情可問天》| 1992 | 英國/日本 | 詹姆士·艾佛利XE·M·福斯特 

1990 未路英雄半世情 Mr. & Mrs. Bridge

擅拍文藝片的詹姆斯·伊沃里以細膩手法刻畫老人家與家族和環境之間的心理互動，戲劇性不強，卻相當成功地塑造了布里奇夫婦的形象，以及表現了他們的豐厚人生經驗。兩人的表演都很精彩，乃影片的一大亮點。

1987 莫里斯的情人 Maurice

·影片的一處鄉村別墅佈景Wilbury Park使用的是扮演Sheepshanks夫人的女演員Maria Britneva的房產。
·劍橋大學的國王學院經過了良久考慮才決定讓劇組進入拍攝，這倒不是因為影片的主題，而是因為很多學者都認為這是一部劣等的小製作。
·Julian Sands一開始被挑中演莫里斯，而James Wilby(後來莫里斯的扮演者)被置於一個小角色上，原因是他的身高和金發跟Sands太過相似。
·拍攝Ru​​pert Graves和James Wilby睡在床上的鏡頭前出了個小插曲：他們將要使用的那張床塌了。

精彩對白
Lasker-Jones: England has always been disinclined to accept human nature.
Lasker-Jones：英格蘭總是不願接受真實的人性。
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Maurice Hall: I'm an unspeakable of the Oscar Wilde sort.
Maurice Hall：我是那種無法言​​說的奧斯卡·王爾德類型。
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Lasker-Jones: You should not resist me. You're resisting me.
Maurice Hall: Damnit, I'm not!
Lasker-Jones：你不應該反抗我，你在反抗我。
Maurice Hall：該死的，我沒有。
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Maurice Hall: I'm walking on a volcano.
Maurice Hall：我在火山上行走。
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Maurice Hall: Alec, did you dream you had a friend? Someone to last your whole life?
Maurice Hall：Alec，你曾經夢想過擁有一個朋友，一個能相伴一生的人麼？
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Alec Scudder: Now, we shan't never be parted. It's finished.
Alec Scudder：現在，我們永遠不會分開了，都結束了。

幕後製作
本片改編自EM·福斯特的作品，起用英國小生三人組主演這個三角關係的同性戀故事，在當年這類題材還算新鮮時引起相當的轟動。本片以華麗而浪漫的筆觸來呈現英國社會的一段禁忌情緣，俊男的組合與優美的景色互相輝映。

Set against the stifling conformity of pre–World War I English society, E.M. Forster’s Maurice is a story of coming to terms with one’s sexuality and identity in the face of disapproval and misunderstanding. Maurice Hall (James Wilby) and Clive Durham (Hugh Grant) find themselves falling in love at Cambridge. In a time when homosexuality was punishable by imprisonment, the two must keep their feelings for one another a complete secret. Sparkling direction by James Ivory, distinguished performances from the ensemble cast, and a charged score by Richard Robbins all combine to create a film of immense power. Maurice is a romantic, moving story of love and self-discovery for all audiences.

《窗外有藍天》| 1985 | 英國 | 詹姆士·艾佛利 

1984 波士頓人 The Bostonians

In Boston in the aftermath of the Civil War, Verena Tarrant (Madeleine Potter), a gifted young orator, has attracted the attention of Olive Chancellor (Vanessa Redgrave), who wishes to nurture Verena as an inspirational force for the Women’s Movement. But ranged against her is Basil Ransom (Christopher Reeve), a handsome male chauvinist who wants Verena as his wife. Against a backdrop of luminous New England landscapes, battle is joined, and for Olive the struggle will prove an odyssey that forces her to acknowledge her true nature. Merchant Ivory Productions’ acclaimed screen adaptation of the Henry James classic charts the struggle between two charismatic forces to gain control over the destiny of a spirited young woman.

1983 熱與塵 Heat and Dust

本片通過現在與過去兩個時空的交錯，對安妮與其姨祖母的相似之處和不同點進行了比較。音響效果和視覺效果使時空的轉換對觀眾產生瞭如同是在和劇中人—起生活的錯覺。影片有些枯燥，缺乏真實感，但是影片的主題、情節，攝影和服裝是和諧統一的。

The passion, violence, mystery, and beauty of India are rapturously evoked in Merchant Ivory Productions’ acclaimed Heat and Dust, based on the novel by Ruth Prawer Jhabvala and starring Julie Christie, Shashi Kapoor and Greta Scacchi. Blending east with west, and moving effortlessly between the vibrant world of modern-day India and the magnificent splendors of the Raj, Heat and Dust concerns Anne, a young woman drawn to India by her desire to unravel the scandal surrounding her great-aunt Olivia’s seduction in the 1920s by a handsome and charismatic, if not entirely scrupulous, Indian prince.

1981 四重奏 Quartet

Quartet is the story of a girl who, adrift with her feckless husband amidst the literati of glittering Paris in the 1920s, becomes entrapped by a rich and sybaritic English couple. Adapted from the wistful, melancholy autobiographical novel by Jean Rhys, Quartet is full of intense confrontations dazzlingly acted by Alan Bates, Maggie Smith, Anthony Higgins, and Isabelle Adjani. This is one of the Merchant Ivory team’s darkest and most compelling dramas of dangerously intertwined relationships.

1980 簡奧斯汀在曼哈頓 Jane Austen in M​​anhattan

Rival theater companies compete to produce their own unique versions of Jane Austen’s childhood play Sir Charles Grandison in this delightful film from Merchant Ivory Productions. George Midash (Michael Wager) buys the play’s manuscript at Sotheby’s for Pierre (Robert Powell), the head of an avant-garde theater group. Another troupe, headed by the very traditional Lilianna Zorska (Anne Baxter), strives to produce its own version of the play. In her first film role, Sean Young costars as a young actress being manipulated by Pierre to leave her husband and to dedicate herself to join his financially strapped company. But when Lilianna decides to match wits with Pierre and steal the young woman herself, events begin to mirror those occurring within the play. A brilliant ensemble cast, a witty screenplay by Ruth Prawer Jhabvala, and an inventive score by Richard Robbins all contribute to make Jane Austen in Manhattan elegant entertainment.

1979 歐洲人 The Europeans

This entertaining film, from a delicious early novel by Henry James, takes place in a New England Arcadia that stands for everything beautiful, pure, and good. Into this Eden come a sophisticated European brother and sister who turn up unexpectedly on the doorstep of their staid American cousins, the Wentworths. The fortune-hunting Eugenia (Lee Remick) and her high-spirited brother Felix (Tim Woodward) turn this Puritan world upside down.

1978 收藏家 Hullabaloo Over Georgie and Bonnie's Pictures

This lighthearted romp through Royal India presents a world of Maharajas, palaces, imperiled art objects, and the foreign collectors who will stop at nothing to possess them. Peggy Ashcroft and Larry Pine star as two rapacious art collectors who come to the decaying Art Deco palace of a young Maharaja (Victor Banerjee) to examine a legendary collection of Indian miniature paintings. While vying with each other to get the pictures away from the royal couple—nicknamed Georgie and Bonnie as children by their Scottish governess—they must also divine the true motives of the Indian curator of the collection (Saeed Jaffrey), who, in league with the Maharaja’s beautiful sister (Aparna Sen), may be working against them. Amidst the backdrop of lavish tourist entertainments, Christmas parties, fireworks, and even an English ghost, a desperate game of palace intrigue will determine the ultimate resting place of the priceless paintings.

1977 玫瑰大地 Roseland

Three interlocking stories set in the legendary New York City dance palace Roseland make up this charming film, the third shot by Merchant Ivory Productions in America. In the first, “The Waltz,” Teresa Wright is a widow who comes to Roseland in order to sustain the memory of her late husband, and meets Stan (Lou Jacobi), a man who offers her an opportunity for happiness in the present. In “The Hustle,” Christopher Walken stars as a gigolo with three women in his life, all of whom depend on him for different degrees of romance and companionship. In the final segment, “The Peabody,” an older Viennese woman (Lilia Skala) sets out to win a dance competition despite warnings that it could imperil her health. Ruth Prawer Jhabvala’s understated screenplay received many accolades, and delivers an uncharacteristic bit of sentiment not present in other Merchant Ivory efforts.

1975 野宴 The Wild Party

1975 公主自傳 Autobiography of a Princess

1972 蠻風箭雨 Savages

The first American film from Merchant Ivory Productions is a fascinating meditation on the rise and fall of civilizations, with a witty screenplay by George Swift Trow and Michael O’Donoghue. Savages is filmed in an improvisatory, experimental style and merges a series of tragicomic tableaux with pseudo-scholarly documentary narration and title cards. A masked, naked, clay-covered band of jungle primitives are disturbed in the middle of a human sacrifice by the sudden intrusion of a croquet ball. Led by their high priestess, they trek through the forest in search of its origins and arrive at an immense, deserted manor house. They occupy the mansion, which begins to have a civilizing effect on them; individual personalities emerge, and with them, pasts, futures, family connections, ambitions, and other trappings of society. Savages is a dark, biting satire that will turn viewer expectations upside-down.

1970 孟買之音 Bombay Talkie

Starring Shashi Kapoor and Jennifer Kendal, Bombay Talkie is Merchant Ivory’s affectionate, bemused view of Bollywood—India’s huge dream factory. The film is like a brightly colored, sumptuous Indian sweet covered in gold foil, and cameraman Subrata Mitra’s ravishing photography has never been surpassed in any other of James Ivory’s films. The story, set off by elaborate studio numbers, is a melodrama echoing those of Bombay’s mass audience movies and the sexy best sellers of the film’s heroine, American authoress Lucia Lane (Jennifer Kendal). Visiting India in search of “new material,” she becomes romantically involved with handsome movie star Vikram (Shashi Kapoor). When that doesn’t work out, she flees to an ashram to take up the spiritual life. That also, hilariously, doesn’t work out, and the ill-fated couple get together again with explosive results.

1969 印度一段情 The Guru

1965 莎劇演員 Shakespeare-Wallah

Elegiac and atmospheric, Shakespeare Wallah was the feature film that really put Merchant Ivory Productions on the international movie map. Starring Shashi Kapoor, Madhur Jaffrey, and a young Felicity Kendal, the film is inspired by the real-life adventures of Ms. Kendal’s family as a traveling theater group in India during the final days of English colonial rule. The Buckingham Players try to uphold British tradition by staging Shakespeare plays for the general public, boarding schools, and local royalty, but are unable to compete with the wildly popular Bollywood film industry.

1964 德里之路 The Delhi Way

1963 房主 The Householder

The Householder is the story of a shy, young, underpaid Delhi schoolteacher (Shashi Kapoor) who marries and then, little by little, gets to know his young wife, Indu (Leela Naidu), during their first year together. She is a charmer with a mind of her own, yet is as unprepared for marriage as he. This landmark film marks the first collaboration between producer Ismail Merchant, director James Ivory, and screenwriter Ruth Prawer Jhabvala (adapting her acclaimed novel for the screen), who’s maintained a productive artistic relationship for forty years and produced many award-winning films.

1959 劍與長笛 The Sword and the Flute